基于北斗导航定位技术的通用型自然资源实地调查信息系统研究与实现     

胡恬  唐芝青 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(3):118-120,123

首先分析了目前传统外业调绘及外业调绘系统普遍存在的问题,随后提出了一种"基于北斗导航定位技术的通用型自然资源实地调查信息系统"的信息化技术解决方案,并对该方案的设计原则、总体架构进行了描述。最后,详细地分析了该技术方案涉及的关键技术。本文旨在为自然资源实地调查工作带来全新信息化作业模式,提出一套探索思路,贡献一份力量。  相似文献   

自然资源全要素自适应野外调查框架设计     

刘立  刘娟  陈宏宇  李维庆 《测绘通报》2020,(1):107

针对自然资源全要素调查工作中分类标准不同、调查口径不同、调查方法不同，造成的各部门调查软件平台重复开发建设和调查数据结果地理信息特征表达不清晰等问题，本文结合自然资源全要素野外调查工作的实际需要，以山水林田湖草生命共同体为统一对象，构建了自然资源语义化特征模型，提出了表征不同自然资源类型的自适应野外调查方法，实现了灵活性高、性能优异的自然资源调查技术平台，形成了统一的自然资源全要素野外调查框架，可以有效提升多门类自然资源基础调查、专业调查、动态调查的能力与水平，为自然资源治理能力现代化提供了可靠技术保障。  相似文献   

In-season crop classification using elements of the Kennaugh matrix derived from polarimetric RADARSAT-2 SAR data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Accurate spatio-temporal classification of crops is of prime importance for in-season crop monitoring. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data provides diverse physical information about crop morphology. In the present work, we propose a day-wise and a time-series approach for crop classification using full-polarimetric SAR data. In this context, the 4 × 4 real Kennaugh matrix representation of a full-polarimetric SAR data is utilized, which can provide valuable information about various morphological and dielectric attributes of a scatterer. The elements of the Kennaugh matrix are used as the parameters for the classification of crop types using the random forest and the extreme gradient boosting classifiers.The time-series approach uses data patterns throughout the whole growth period, while the day-wise approach analyzes the PolSAR data from each acquisition into a single data stack for training and validation. The main advantage of this approach is the possibility of generating an intermediate crop map, whenever a SAR acquisition is available for any particular day. Besides, the day-wise approach has the least climatic influence as compared to the time series approach. However, as time-series data retains the crop growth signature in the entire growth cycle, the classification accuracy is usually higher than the day-wise data.Within the Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring (JECAM) initiative, in situ measurements collected over the Canadian and Indian test sites and C-band full-polarimetric RADARSAT-2 data are used for the training and validation of the classifiers. Besides, the sensitivity of the Kennaugh matrix elements to crop morphology is apparent in this study. The overall classification accuracies of 87.75% and 80.41% are achieved for the time-series data over the Indian and Canadian test sites, respectively. However, for the day-wise data, a ∼6% decrease in the overall accuracy is observed for both the classifiers.  相似文献   

结合PS特征点的SBAS地表形变监测     

聂运菊  熊佳诚  程朋根  罗跃 《测绘通报》2020,(4):91-95

针对SARscape SBAS技术存在人工选取地面控制点影响监测结果的问题，本文提出了一种结合PS特征点的SBAS地表形变监测方法。通过设置PS技术中的振幅离差指数与相干性阈值，提取PS监测结果中的特征点作为地面控制点进行轨道精炼与形变反演。以2017年3月至2018年12月覆盖南昌地区的Sentinel-1影像为数据源，进行了地表形变监测与验证。结果表明：①该方法与PS方法监测结果均显示南昌市城区在监测时段内整体呈小幅度上升趋势，年平均沉降速率相关性达到了0.959，具有高度一致性。②将该方法、PS方法、人工选取地面控制点的SBAS方法的监测结果与水准数据进行对比，该方法与水准数据的误差不超过3.5 mm，说明了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

Species Diversity Characteristics of a Natural Pinus taiwanensis Community with Different Diameter Classes and Forest Densities     

WANG Yang  JIANG Xiongbo  WU Dezhi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2020,11(4):349-357

Pinus taiwanensis is a species endemic to China. This study selected four typical plots of Pinus taiwanensis in the natural secondary forest around Macheng City, in order to reveal the characteristics of and the relationships between different diameter classes (determined based on the diameter at breast height or DBH), forest densities and species diversity, as well as the similarities of species diversity of different plots within the community. The result showed that Pinus taiwanensis was the dominant species in the community. The ratio of Pinus taiwanensis trees of diameter class IV reached a peak of 19.46% of the total followed by diameter class VII at 18.92%. The study recorded 156 species of vascular plants from 130 genera of 71 families; Pinus taiwanensis was the dominant species in the community. When the forest density was 1200 trees ha ^-1 with the largest average diameter of DBH=36.779±4.444 cm, the diversity (Shannon index H'=1.6716) and the evenness (Pielou index E=0.6727) of the tree layer was the highest. When the forest density reached 1525 trees ha ^-1 with the lowest average diameter of DBH=18.957±5.141 cm, the richness (D_ma=5.4308), the diversity (H'=2.9612) and the evenness (E=0.8985) of all shrub layers climbed to the maximum. When the forest density was 1325 trees ha ^-1, the richness (D_ma=5.8132), the diversity (H'=3.0697) and the evenness (E=0.9025) of all herb layers peaked. In terms of vertical structure, the average diversity indexes were herb layer>shrub layer>tree layer. High canopy density weakened light intensity in the community, causing a reduction in the species diversities of herbs and shrubs. The average similarity coefficient between the sample plots was 0.3356, which was at the medium dissimilarity level. External disturbances and improper management were major contributors to the low species diversity of the community. The implementation of scientific management measures is urgently needed to optimize the forest structures of Pinus taiwanensis, create a benign community environment, and promote species diversities and establish a stable forest community structure.  相似文献   

基于碳、氮稳定同位素的雅浦海沟底栖生物食物来源和营养级初探     

郭承秧  杨志  陈建芳  郑豪  张东声  冉莉华  王春生  鹿博  陈倩娜 《海洋学报》2018,40(10):51-60

为了分析雅浦海沟中底栖生物群落的食物来源和营养级，本研究分析了雅浦海沟真光层中浮游植物和浮游动物、海底沉积物和巨型底栖生物（海绵、海参、海蛇尾、海星、海葵和钩虾）中的碳、氮稳定同位素组成。研究发现雅浦海沟真光层中的浮游植物和浮游动物δ13C值[（-22.8±0.4）‰和（-21.8±0.8）‰]和δ15N值[（5.4±0.4）‰和（6.8±0.2）‰]与巨型底栖生物的δ13C值（-20.1‰~-16.8‰）和δ15N值（11.9‰~17.9‰）的差异超过了一个营养级，表明作为底栖生物的初始食物来源的浮游植物和浮游动物在向下输送的过程中经历了食物链传递和细菌的降解。巨型底栖生物的δ15N和δ13C值之间无显著的相关性，此外不同物种之间营养级也存在明显差异，表现为海绵的营养级相对较高（3.4~4.7），海参（3.3~3.6）、海蛇尾（3.4~3.5）和海星（3.2~3.7）的营养级较为接近，钩虾（2.9~3.3）和海葵（3.1）的营养级则相对略低，反映了底栖生物不同物种之间食物来源的多样化。  相似文献   

基于熵权TOPSIS模型的海岛地区资源环境承载力研究——以舟山普陀区、定海区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐文斌  郭灿文  王晶  程义远  徐鹏杰  张宏晔 《海洋通报》2018,(1):9-16

随着海洋强国、"一带一路"、生态文明建设等国家战略的不断推进,海岛在国家政治、军事、经济、社会、生态中的地位不断提高,海岛开发、利用的规模越来越大,其生态保护也面临着新的挑战。本文依据资源环境承载力内涵,兼顾海岛资源环境特点,研究形成海岛地区资源环境承载力评价指标体系,综合应用熵权法、TOPSIS(逼近理想解排序方法)模型评价了典型海岛地区——普陀区与定海区2009-2015年间的资源环境承载力状况,结果表明:普陀和定海资源环境承载力水平呈稳步提升趋势,各个时期的环境保护政策和节能减排相关措施在环境保护与污染治理等方面起到了较为积极的作用。最后,在基于生态系统的海岛综合管理框架内提出了对策建议。  相似文献   

山东省地面沉降监测与防治工作进展          下载免费PDF全文

张永伟  邵明  肖敏 《山东国土资源》2018,34(8)

近年来,山东省地面沉降监测与防治工作取得了重要进展,初步建立了以二等水准路线、全球定位系统(GPS)、基岩标分层标和地下水监测为基础的"四网合一"地面沉降监测体系,INSAR监测实现了山东全省覆盖。监测成果显示,山东省地面沉降主要位于东营市广饶县、滨州市博兴县、聊城市茌平县,沉降速率呈加快趋势,造成建筑物地基下沉、房屋开裂、地下管道破损等一系列地质环境问题。  相似文献   

国内外岩溶塌陷监测方法综述   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吴亚楠  周绍智  王延岭  焦玉国  陈伟清  程凤  赵志伟 《山东国土资源》2018,34(12)

岩溶塌陷是全球广泛分布的地质灾害问题,严重影响和制约了岩溶地区社会、经济发展,因此,开展岩溶塌陷监测工作,对塌陷预测预报具有及其重要的作用。岩溶塌陷的监测技术与塌陷形成的机理关系密切。该文分析了岩溶塌陷的分布规律和形成的条件,系统总结了国内外岩溶塌陷的监测内容、技术方法、各自优缺点,如BOTDR监测、TDR监测、地质雷达监测、水动力条件监测及地-沉降等方法,为系统性地开展岩溶塌陷监测工作提供技术和方法参考,展望了未来的岩溶塌陷监测工作,认为岩溶塌陷监测需结合塌陷的形成机理、塌陷地区覆盖层特征及水动力条件,综合利用多种监测手段联合进行,并形成完善的监测网络。  相似文献   

无人机在露天矿山监测中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

白洋  康会涛  张文超  贾玉娜  郑浩 《测绘通报》2020,(9):85-88

在露天矿山开采过程中，对矿山进行实时动态监测很有必要，它不仅能够实时掌握开采进度和开采方案实施的准确性，还有利于数字矿山建设。本文以河北省保定市涞源县某露天矿区为例，利用Pix4Dmapper软件对无人机航拍影像进行数据采集与处理，获取矿区的三维点云数据、数字正射影像和数字地表模型，并利用ArcGIS和Global Mapper软件对生产成果进行矿山开发占地分析，实现露天矿山三维可视化。本文为准确掌握矿山环境治理执行情况，把握矿山开发整体情况给予了有力的参考和借鉴作用。  相似文献